Eberhardt Catholic History vol. 2

A SUMMARY OF CATHOLIC HISTORY:
VOLUME II: MODERN HISTORY
By Newman C. Eberhardt, C.M., (B. Herder Book Co. 1962)[pic]
CONTENTS

PART I:
THE CHURCH IN THE HUMANIST WORLD

Section I: Secular Humanism (1453-1776)

I.THE RENAISSANCE (1447-1517) [33 p]
1. The Secular Renaissance 3
2. The Ecclesiastical Renaissance 6
3. The Renaissance Papacy (1447-84) 9
4. The Evil Stewards (1484-1503) 12
5. The Militant and Humanist Papacy (1503-21) 16
6. Germanic Renaissance (1378-1519) 19
7. Slavic Renaissance (1308-1526) 22
8. French Renaissance (1380-1515) 24
9. British Renaissance (1377-1509) 27
10. Iberian Unification (1284-1516) 30
11. Scandinavian Unity (1319-1513) 33

II. EXPLORATION AND EVANGELIZATION
(1492-1776) [25 p]
12. The Turkish Menace (1481-1683) 37
13. Levantine Missions 38
14. Return to the Old World 41
15. Discovery of a New World (1000-1550) 44
16. Latin America (1550-1800) 48
17. French America (1603-1774) 53
18. Anglo-Saxon America (1607-1776) 58

Section II: Theological Humanism (1517-1648)

III. THE PROTESTANT REVOLUTION (1517-59) [41 p]
19. Causes of Protestantism 62
20. Emperor Charles of Europe (1519-58) 66
21. Luther and Lutheranism 69
22. German Lutheran Revolt (1517-21) 72
23. German Lutheran Establishment (1521-55) 75
24. Scandinavian Lutheranism (1513-1648) 79
25. Calvin and Calvinism 82
26. Swiss Puritanism (1519-64) 85
27. French Huguenots (1515-59) 88
28. English Alienation (1509-34) 90
29. English Schism (1529-47) 94
30. English Heresy (1547-59) 97
31. Scottish Presbyterianism (1513-1603) 100

IV. THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION (1521-85) [20 p]
32. The Papal Reform (1521-85) 104
33. Tridentine Reform 107
34. Clerical Tridentine Execution 111
35. Religious Reform 114
36. Theological Revival 118
37. Liturgical Renaissance 121

V. THE WARS FOR RELIGION (1559-1648) [17 p]
38. Papacy & Counter Reformation (1585-1655) 124
39. Empire & Counter Reformation (1555-1648) 126
40. Spanish Crusading (1516-1659) 129
41. French Huguenot Wars (1559-1659) 132
42. British Religious Strife (1558-1660) 135
43. Slavic Catholic Survival (1506-1699) 138

Section III: Rationalist Humanism (1638-1789)

VI. THEOLOGICAL SUBJECTIVISM (1638-1715) [27 p]
44. The "Enlightenment" 141
45. The Age of Louis XIV (1660-1715) 144
46. The Papacy and Gallicanism (1655-1721) 147
47. Gallican France (1615-1715) 150
48. Jansenist Origins (1638-43) 152
49. Jansenist Tergiversation (1643-69) 155
50. Quietist Reaction (1675-99) 158
51. Jansenist Revival (1695-1729) 161
52. Catholic Moral Synthesis 164
53. Sectarian Pietism 166

VII. THE CULT OF RATIONALISM (1715-89) [28 p]
54. The Old Regime in Europe (1715-89) 169
55. Rationalist Doctrinaires: the Philosophers 171
56. Rationalist Champions: the Freemasons 174
57. The Papacy and Rationalism (1721-99) 177
58. Papal Champions: Jesuit Suppression 180
59. The Old Regime in France (1715-89) 183
60. Secularist Germany (1648-1790) 185
61. Weakening of the Catholic East (1668-1795) 189
62. Iberian Decline (1659-1808) 191
63. British Catholic Vicissitudes (1660-1778) 194

PART II: THE CHURCH IN AN AGNOSTIC WORLD [32 p]
Section I: Liberal Agnosticism (1789-1870)

VIII LIBERAL REVOLUTIONS
64. Nature of Liberalism 198
65. Economic Revolutions 201
66. British Catholic Emancipation (1778-1829) 204
67. American Secular Revolution (1776-1815) 207
68. American Ecclesiastical Origins (1774-1815) 211
69. French Constitutional Revolution (1789-92) 216
70. French Violent Revolution (1792-99) 220
71. French Napoleonic Revolution (1799-1804) 224
72. Napoleonic Imperialism (1804-15) 227

IX. AUTHORITARIAN REACTION (1815-48) [28 p]
73. The Metternich Era 230
74. Capetian Finale (1814-48) 234
75. Teutonic Transformation (1801-48) 237
76. The Papacy and Italian Liberalism (1815-46) 240
77. Russian Autocracy (1796-1855) 244
78. British Catholic Revival (1829-65) 247
79. American Growth (1815-52) 252

X. CONSUMMATION OF NATIONALISM (1848-71) [36 p]
80. Nationalism and Imperialism 258
81. The Papacy and Italian Nationalism (1846-78) 261
82. First Vatican Council (1869-70) 266
83. French Neo-Bonapartism (1848-70) 270
84. German Unification (1848-71) 273
85. Iberian Anticlericalism (1808-74) 277
86. Liberalism and Catholic Minorities 280
87. North American National Crisis (1850-65) 284
88. Latin American Independence (1800-1900) 289

Section II: Materialist Agnosticism (1870-
XI. INDIVIDUALISTIC HEYDAY (1870-1919) [45 p]
89. Individualistic Materialism 294
90. Socialist Challenge 297
91. Leo XIII and Catholic Revival (1878-1903) 300
92. St. Pius X and Catholic Action (1903-14) 303
93. Benedict XV and World War I (1914-22) 307
94. Teutonic Kulturkampf (1871-1918) 310
95. Gallic Repudiation (1870-1918) 314
96. Twilight of Czardom (1855-1917) 317
97. British Social Progress (1865-1922) 320
98. American Social Tensions (1865-86) 324
99. American Imperialism (1887-1920) 331

XII. TOTALITARIAN SHADOW (1917-) [65 p]
100. The Totalitarian Menace 339
101. Pius XI and Catholic Liberty (1922-39) 342
102. Pius XII and Totalitarianism (1939-58) 345
103. Russian Communism 349
104. Communist Satellites 353
105. Italian Fascism 357
106. German Nazism 360
107. French Catholic Revival 363
108. Iberian Catholic Ordeals 367
109. Catholic Minorities 370
110. Militant British Catholicity 373
111. The British Commonwealth 376
112. North American Primacy 380
113. Latin American Problems 391
114. Ecumenism & Diversity("Catholicity and Dissent") 394
115. Partes Infidelium 397
[116] Epilogue: Pope John and His Times 402
Appendices 404

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| |NEW |of 36 |ORIGINAL | | | |
| | |hrs | | | | |
| |pages | |pages |percent |weeks | |
|1 |33 |2.99 |61 |7.89 |1.10 |1 |
|2 |25 |2.27 |52 |6.73 |0.94 |1 |
|3 |41 |3.72 |83 |10.74 |1.50 |1.5 |
|4 |20 |1.81 |10 |1.29 |0.18 |.5 |
|5 |17 |1.54 |40 |5.17 |0.72 |.5 |
|6 |27 |2.45 |53 |6.86 |0.96 |1 |
|7 |28 |2.54 |59 |7.63 |1.07 |1 |
|8 |32 |2.90 |65 |8.41 |1.18 |1 |
|9 |28 |2.54 |55 |7.12 |1.00 |1 |
|10 |36 |3.26 |71 |9.18 |1.29 |1 |
|11 |45 |4.08 |91 |11.77 |1.65 |1.5 |
|12 |65 |5.89 |133 |17.21 |2.41 |3 |
| |397 | |773 | | | |

[pic][pic]PART I THE CHURCH in the HUMANIST WORLD
[pic]SECTION I. SECULAR HUMANISM (1453-1776)
[pic][pic]I. THE RENAISSANCE (1447-1517)
[pic]1. THE SECULAR RENAISSANCE
[pic]A. Advent of the Renaissance
(1) PREDISPOSITIONS
Secularism. Besides the political revolt against the clerical
theocracy, revealed at Anagni and during the Great Schism, an intellectual
alienation of affections had long been in formation. This had developed
slowly, for it required time for the ideas of the university intelligentsia
to win general favor. But from the fourteenth century onward, a secularist
viewpoint had become increasingly prominent within theocratic Christendom,
and a new atmosphere of thought was already vaguely termed vita moderna.
Not only were temporal governments less responsive to supernatural and
international ideals, but the papal curia was affected by its
preoccupation, legitimate though it may have been, with politics and
finance. Supernatural values, if still accorded paramount importance as
ideals, were increasingly set aside in practice. The canon lawyer no longer
had a monopoly of legal and administrative science; he was opposed by the
civil legist who sought his standards in pagan Roman antiquity. The clergy
had ceased to be the only educated class, for the universities were now
turning out graduates versed in philosophy, civil law, medicine, and the
arts. As has been noted in reference to the Councils of Constance and
Basle, the spiritual authority of the ecclesiastical hierarchy was in
danger of being obscured by a swarm of academic "experts," whose opinions
were often heard against the voice of