1st PU

I.T.I DISPENSING AND GENERAL PHARMACY
(Theory) (3hours /week)

UNIT-1
History of pharmacy: Development of pharmacy education,
industries and research
a) pharmacy literature : history of I.P,B.P,U.S.P,B.P.C and N.F of
India and extra pharmacopoeia
b) pharmacy ethics : interdiction to code of ethics of pharmacy

Galenicals: Methods of preparation, storage and packing of
infusions, decoctions Tinctures, liquid extracts, Dry extracts,
study in detail of extraction processes like maceration and percolation

UNIT-2
Principles and various methods involved in the preparation of
the following: solutions,
Aromatic waters, syrups, mucilage's, spirits, elixirs, magmas
and glycerins

UNIT-3
Pharmaceutical calculations (only in C.G.S system) : Percentage
calculations ,proportional
Calculations, allegation, isotonic solutions, proof spirits
and displacement values
Principles of dispensing: the form of prescription handling,
pricing and Refilling of prescription
Prescription containers, labeling and packing.

UNIT-4
Principles involved and procedures in the dispensing of the
following classes of
Pharmaceutical preparations: Mixtures, emulsions, powders,
lotions, liniments, ointments,
Creams, pastes, and jellies, suppositories, pessaries, nasal
bougies, inhalations, eye drops, ear drops
Throat Paints and gargles.

UNIT-5
Posology: calculations of doses and a general know -how of the
doses.

Incompatibility: scope, classes of incompatibility, correction
of incompatibilities handling of
Incompatible prescription pertaining to: alkaloidal
incompatibility of soluble iodides, soluble
Salicylates and benzoates with acids, ferric salts and alkaline
substance, incompatibility causing evolution
Of soluble barbiturates and emulsifying agents.












I.P.I. DISPENSING AND GENERAL PHARMACY
(Practical's) [3hrs/week]

1. Preparations: A minimum 50 preparations having at least one
form each class is
Compulsory.

Galenicals : demonstration of maceration; percolation; sox
halation

Solutions : normal saline solution, dextrose solution, benzoic
acid solution, copper sulphate and
Zinc sulphate solution, aqueous iodine
solution

Aromatic waters: chloroform water, camphor water, peppermint water.

Syrups : simple syrup, flavored syrup, artificial
syrups.

Elixirs : at least one

Glycerin : phenol glycerin, tannic acid
glycerin

Sprits : chloroform spirit

Emulsions : liquid paraffin emulsion, archis oil
emulsion

Lotions : calamine lotion, salicylic acid lotion,
compound sulphur lotion.

Liniments : Methyl salicylate liniment, camphor liniment,
turpentine oil liniment

Ointments : sulphur ointment (hydro carbon base) Whitfield
ointment (water miscible base) Boric acid ointment

Creams : cetrimide cream, barrier cream.

Pastes : zinc oxide paste

Gels : zinc oxide gel ( bentonite gel )

Suppositories: one each with PEG and cocoa butter as bases .

Ear drops : boric acid ear drops, sodium bicarbonate
ear drops.

Eye drops : atropine sulphate eye drops, zinc sulphate eye
drops.



Mouth wash : peppermint mouth rinse, zinc sulphat, zinc chloride mouth
wash.

Inhalation : menthol and eucalyptus inhalation.

Paints : Mendel's paint

Powders : Dusting powder, divided powder

Gargles : potassium chlorate gargle; tannic acid gargle.

2. Important preparations: compulsory.

- Soft soap
- Lysol( cresol with soap solution)
- Milk of magnesia( mixture)
- Chemical incompatibilities ( some representative examples)
-
3. Some information regarding incompatibilities (can be a demonstration).

4. Prescription reading (minimum of three prescriptions).

5. Study of some marked preparations (minimum of three).

I.T.2. PHARMACEUTICAL INORGANIC AND ANALYTICAL CEMISTRY
(Theory) [3 hrs/week]

PART - A (Inorganic)
UNIT - I
a) Limit test for arsenic, heavy metals, lead, iron, chloride and
sulphate and pharmacopoeia standards.
b) Electrolytes: sodium, potassium and calcium replenish.
Sodium and potassium replenishes: sodium chloride, compound sodium
chloride solution (ringer solution), potassium chloride, ORS.
Calcium replenishes: calcium chloride, calcium gluconate, dibasic
calcium phosphate.
c) Gastro-intestinal agents:
1) Acidifiers and Antacids: IP: Dilute hydrochloric acid, sodium
acid phosphate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium citrate, potassium
citrate, aluminum hydroxide gel, dried aluminum hydroxide
gel, magnesium oxide (magnesia), magnesium-hydroxide mixture,
magnesium carbonate, magnesium trisilicate.
2) Adsorbents and related drugs: light kaolin, heavy kaolin,
activated charcoal
(d) Acid base regulators: sodium bicarbonate, sodium lactate, sodium
Citrate/potassium citrate, and sodium acetate, ammonium
chloride.
d) Dialysis fluids: haemodialysis fluids and intraperitoneal dialysis
fluids.


Unit-II
(a) Mineral nutrients/supplements
(1) Haematinics- Ferrous sulphat, ferrous fumarate, ferrous
glutamate, ferric ammonium citrate, iron and dextrose
injection.
(2) Halogens: Iodine and iodides or flurides.
(b) Pharmaceutics aids:
(1) Excipients: dicalcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate,


Magnesium stearate, talc and calcium carbonate(
precipitated chalk).
(2) Suspending agents: bentonite, colloidalsilica,
aluminium
stearate.
(3) Colourants: titanium oxide, ferric oxide.
(c) Expectorants: ammonium chloride, potassium iodide.
(d) Emetics: potassium antimony tartarate, coppersulphate,
zinc sulphat.
(e) Antidotes: Sodium thiosulphate, sodium nitrite.

UNIT-III
Definition, Preparation, Properties, Assay methods, Limits and
Uses
a) topical agents:
1) Astringents: Zinc sulphate, Zinc oxide, Calcium
hydroxide, Copper sulphate, Bismuth sub carbonate.
2) Topical protestants: Zinc oxide, Calamine, Zinc
stearate,Talc, Titanium-dioxide, Heavy kaolin and Light
kaolin(only uses).
3) Silicone polymers: Activated Dimethicone.


4) Anti infective: Hydrogen Peroxide solution, Potassium permanganate,
silver nitrate (silver protein), iodine, (solutions of iodine, povidone-
iodine ), Boric acid, Zinc -undecylenate, Mercury compounds (yellow
mercuric oxide, ammoniated mercury), Sulphur, Selenium sulphide.
(b) Dental products:
1) Flourides: Sodium fluoride, Sodium monofluorophosphate
and stannous fluoride.
2) Oral antiseptics and Astrigents: Hydrogen peroxide,
Sodium peroxide (BP), Magnesium peroxide, zinc peroxide and Mouth washes.
3) Dentifrices: Calcium carbonate, Dibasic calcium
phosphate, Calcium phosphate, Sodium metaphosphate and
Strontium chloride.
4)Cements& Filters: zinc oxide (only uses).
(c) Other Medicinal agents:
1) Antineoplastic agents: Cisplatin

2) Antidepressanys: Lithium carbonate
3) Diagnostic agent: Barium sulphate.
4)Surgical aid: plaster of Paris.

PART-B (Analytical)
Unit-IV
a) Theory of Neutralization Titration: Acidimetry, Alkalimetry, acid-base
concept, Common ion effect and Solubility product, PH, Buffers and
indicators.
b) General Principles and theory of oxidation-reduction methods, and
precipitation methods. An account of the indicators used in these
titrations.
c) Application of the above methods in the analysis of drugs as under IP
1996.


Unit-V
a) Complexometric titrations: Theory, types and application in
pharmaceutical analysis. Masking and demasking and their applications.
b) Non-aqueous Titration: Theory, types, solvents used and application in
Pharmaceutical analysis.
Application of the above methods in the analysis of drugs, as under IP 1996
(including the latest addenda).
c) Karl-fisher method of estimation of water and oter methods of moisture
determination and picnometry.


I.P.2. PHARMACEUTICAL INORGANIC AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(practicals) [3hrs/week]
List of experiments:
A) Limit tests for the following as per the procedure given in Indian
Pharmacopoeia (1996)-including the latest addenda)
1) Chlorides
2) Sulphates
3) Heavy metals
4) Iron
5) Arsenic(demonstration)
6) Balances and weighing, calibration of weight, Pipette and Burette.
7) Preparation and standardization of Hydro chloric acid solution (0.1N).
8) Pr