Propositions de corrigés supplémentaires

Corrigés d'exercices Les corrigés proposés ci-dessous correspondent à une sélection d'exercices
pour lesquels ne figurent pas de corrigés dans le manuel d'exercices
recommandé dans le Guide des Etudes :
R. Huart, P. Larreya et E. Mathiot, Exercices Grammaire explicative de
l'anglais, Pearson Education, 2005, 2e édition.
Ils vous sont proposés pour accompagner votre travail personnel sur les
modaux (cf. les chapitres 7, 8, 9 et 10 de la Grammaire explicative de
l'anglais). Section 3.2 : can, may, must B. (p. 31) 1. She may not have meant what she said.
2. He must be rather upset.
3. You may have a little more cake.
4. He can't have said such a thing. / He couldn't have said such a thing.
5. the sea can be very rough in that area.
6. Everyone must dress for dinner.
7. You should be more polite
8. The guests may be here already.
9. He can't have come without letting us know.
10. You mustn't smoke inside the house.
11. He must have forgotten to set the alarm.
12. She may go abroad next term.
13. We might have caught pneumonia.
14. Your friend couldn't have slept in the same tent. C. (p. 31) 1. That author can be very amusing : sometimes that author is very amusing
That author may be very amusing : perhaps that author is very amusing
2. They had to pack up and leave : someone or something made them pack up
and leave
They must have packed up and left : it is very likely that they packed up
and left
3. They may have run out of petrol : perhaps they ran out of petrol
They might have run out of petrol : there was a risk for them to run out of
petrol (but they didn't)
4. She could not move the chest without help : the chest was too heavy for
her to move it without help
She can't have moved the chest without help : I don't believe that she
moved the chest without help.
5. He must try a little harder : I want him to try a little harder
He must be trying a little harder : I suppose he is trying a little harder
6. You must have finished your homework before I get home : I want you to
have finished your homework before I get home
You must have finished your homework before I got home : I suppose you had
finished your homework before I got home Section 3.3 : will et shall A. (p. 33) A retenir : dans les subordonnées de temps (introduites par les
conjonctions when, as soon as, until, etc.), will ou shall avec une valeur
de futur sont impossibles. C'est le cas dans les phrases 1, 4, et 8 ci-
dessous. Voir la Grammaire explicative de l'anglais, p.120 et pp. 371-372. 1. I shall ask him when he comes.
2. Les deux sont possibles : Will you stay for dinner ? = invitation / Will
you be staying for dinner ? = demande d'information
3. I am going to pick cherries.
4. You shall not go until I know the truth.
5. The hostages should have been released this morning.
6. Les deux sont possibles :
7. Whatever you say does not influence (as a general rule) / will not
influence (in the future) my decision.
8. I shall attend to you as soon as I have served this customer.
Section 3.4 : ought to, need, dare et expressions de modalité A. (p. 37) 1. Does he need TO have his car serviced so soon ?
2. Of course you needn't _ ask for permission every time.
3. I wonder if anything needs TO be added to that mixture.
4. No one needs TO wear a coat in this climate.
5. I suppose they need TO study before the exam.
6. She asked if she needed _ change the sheets after just one night.
Dans les phrases 1, 3 et 4, need est conjugué comme un verbe lexical
(emploi de l'auxiliaire do ou terminaison -s de 3e personne) : il n'est
donc pas auxiliaire modal, et dans ce cas, la construction avec TO est
obligatoire. C. (p. 38)
La consigne est d'utiliser à chaque fois que possible les modaux need et
dare (indiqués par la lettre M ci-dessous ; la lettre V indique
l'utilisation des verbes need et dare). 1. You needn't have run, you're early. (M)
2. With the new system, you needn't wait (M), but you need to (V) make an
appointment on the day before at the latest.
3. If you need to go to the toilet, call the nurse. (V)
4. There, you needn't have panicked (M). Your wrist isn't broken, it's only
sprained.
5. I think he needs to exercise a little (V).
6. How dare he complain, after everything we did for him ? (M)
7. You needn't shout, I can hear you very well. (M)
8. We didn't need to tell her, she understood it very well. (V)
9. No, you needn't stay, I can manage. (M)
10. Do you need a car ? (V)
11. How dare you ask me that question ? You know the answer perfectly well.
(M)
12. You needn't have told the boss, you know. (M) D. (p. 38) 1. The health inspector is to visit
2. I always have to do
3. you must report
4. I have to stay in
5. you are to sit still / you must sit still
6. You really must be more careful
7. She has to write
8. you are to appear on television F. (p. 39) 1. There's likely to be a storm / A storm is likely to break out
2. Your father is bound to find out
3.Samantha is apt to forget / liable to forget
4. Our team is sure to lose again
5. as they were sure to be.
6. There's bound to be a complete security check / A complete security
check is bound to take place
7. William is liable to poke / is apt to poke
8. The weather is supposed to improve
9. Amy is likely to sprain her ankle
10. The plane was due to arrive two hours ago Section 3.6 "Révision"
A. Modalité et négation (p. 42-43) 1. He can't have been serious. / He couldn't have been serious.
2. You mustn't forget to thank those people for their help.
3. You don't have to stop playing if you feel like going on. / if you don't
feel like it.
4. Your friend may not have missed the bus.
5. That can't be a very interesting book.
6. They shouldn't be so impolite to their teachers.
7. You oughtn't to smoke as much.
8. Why not stay here for the holidays ?
9. I'd rather you didn't sleep in this room.
10. I'd rather not pay now.
11. We don't see each other as much as we used to.
12. We weren't allowed to sit throughout the ceremony. C. (p. 43) 1. We did not need to ask our way = we found our waywithout help , we
didn't feel that we needed help
We need not have asked our way = we asked our way but now we realise that
there was no need to ask, we could have found it without asking
2. When shall we stop working ? = This is a question to the person who
decides when it is time to stop. The speaker does not know the answer, yet
the addressee does.
When will we stop working ? = Neither the speaker nor the addressee know
the answer.
3. Why must you disagree with everything I say ? = You disagree with
everything I say, it looks like you can't help it and I would like to know
why.
Why should you disagree with everything I say ? = Is there any reason that
might lead you to disagree now or in the future (this hasn't been the case
so far)
4. He used to swim in that icy river. = It was a habit of his in the past,
it no longer is now.
He was used to swimming in that icy river. = He knew what it felt like to
swim in that icy river.
5. The smaller children could slip in unnoticed. = The possibility existed
for them, though we do not know whether they actually did or not.
The smaller children were able to slip in unnoticed. = They actually
managed to slip in unnoticed.
6. If you were to stop now = if this was likely to happen
If you had to stop now = if someone or something forced you to stop now
7. They had better reconsider the question = they should reconsider the
question, it would be a good idea if they did
They would do better to reconsider the question = they may either
reconsider it or not, and I prefer the first option.
8. May the best team win = I wish the best team to win
Let the best team win = I order the best team to win (imperative)