Week 1 - web.pdx.edu

Fabrication and Characterization of Nanomaterials Summer 2006 June 26 - August 18
Chemistry (CH 410/510) or Physics (PH 410/510) 4 credits
Faculty Contact: Professor Andres LaRosa ( andres@pdx.edu , 503-725-8397
)
Website: http://www.physics.pdx.edu/~larosaa
____________________________________________________________________________
__ The course includes both lecture and laboratory components. The lecture
section introduces current top-down and bottom-up approaches employed in
contemporary microfabrication and nanotechnology, aiming to provide
familiarity with modern methods for fabrication and characterization of
functional materials, e.g., sensors or computer chips. The laboratory
section provides hands-on training in creating and evaluating
nanostructures, e.g., in polymers, using lithography and self assembly
methods, on silicon wafers, using electron beam evaporator and focused ion
beam techniques. Nanometrology characterizations will include atomic force
and electron microscopies. I. Course Organization
Lecture First 2 weeks, June 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, July 5, 6, 7
Time: 3:00 - 6:05 pm. Place CH 71
All sections (see below) meet every day Mon - Fri, excluding
July 3 and 4.
Total of 24 lecture hours
Laboratory 6 weeks, two 3-hour sessions per week
July 10 - August 18
10 sections meet according to the schedule below
Total 12 experiments, 36 lab hours
Teaching 12 Graduate Teaching Assistants (one per experiment)
Assistants
Lab Sections 10 sections, meeting in various different rooms for each
experiment
following the schedule of 12 experiments as outlined on the next page
Section 01 M and W 11 am - 2 pm
Section 02 M and W 4 pm - 7 pm
Section 03 T and Th 11 am - 2 pm
Section 04 T and Th 4 pm - 7 pm
Section 05 W and F 11 am - 2 pm
Section 06 W and F 4 pm - 7 pm
Section 07 M and Th 11 am - 2 pm
Section 08 M and Th 4 pm - 7 pm
Section 09 T and F 11 am - 2 pm
Section 10 T and F 4 pm - 7 pm Course requirements
Students are expected to attend all lectures, perform all 12 lab
experiments, and keep a lab notebook (where data from all experiments
should be recorded).
For students registering in the 400:
Seven write-up labs will be required.
The write-ups should include the following sections: Abstract,
Description, Apparatus, Results, and Conclusions sections.
The reports should be typed and neat. For students registering in the 500 level:
In addition to six write-ups, student select one lab topic
for a journal-style report.
For the journal style report:
Students should start working on the subject right away.
Identify the journal Suggested prerequisites
PH 314 Methods of Experimental Physics I (or equivalent), or
PH 440 Physics of Solid State Devices (or equivalent), or
CH 334 Organic Chem I (or equivalent).
II. Schedule of lectures and experiments Week 1 -- Lectures Series June 26 - 30
| |Monday |Tuesday |Wednesday |Thursday |Friday |
|3:00 pm - |Overvie|Overvie|Theory |Theory |Theory |
|6:05 pm |w |w |(Expts 1, |(Expts 3, 4)|(Expts 5, 6)|
| | | |2) | | |
|3:00 pm - |Holiday|Holiday |Theory |Theory |Theory |
|5:00 pm | | |(Expts 7,|(Expts 9,|(Expts |
| | | |8) |10) |11, 12) |
|11 am -2 pm|Sec 01 |Sec 03 |Sec 05 |Sec 07 |Sec 09 |
11 am -2 pm |Sec 07 |Sec 09 |Sec 01 |Sec 03 |Sec 05 | | 4 pm -7 pm |Sec 08
|Sec 10 |Sec 02 |Sec 04 |Sec 06 | |
Week 3 -- July 10 - 14
Experiments 1 Keith James kjames@pdx.edu
Experiments 2 Lorie Noice noice@pdx.edu Week 4 -- July 17 - 21
Experiments 3 Allen allc@pdx.edu
Experiments 4 Derek Nowak dbn@pdx.edu Week 5 -- July 24 - 28
Experiments 5 Ravi K. Reddy ravikiran.k.reddy@gmail.com
Experiments 6 Deepak Vedha deepakvedha@gmail.com Week 6 -- July 31 - Aug 4
Experiments 7 Kai Wang kaiw@pdx.edu
Experiments 8 Vijay S. R. Kovvuri kovvuri@pdx.edu Week 7 -- Aug 7 - 11
Experiments 9 Poornima Raju, nrudra@pdx.edu
Experiments 10 K. Asante aduasante@yahoo.com Week 8 -- Aug 14 - 18
Experiments 11 Girish Upreti girish@pdx.edu
Experiments 12 Joo jchan@pdx.edu
III. List of Experiments
(descriptions of each experiment are on the following pages.) Experiment #1 Nanoparticulate Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Coordinator: Carl Wamser Experiment: K. James Room: SB1-
326 Experiment #2 Quantized Conductance in Nanocontacts
Coordinator: Raj Solanki Experiment: L. Noice Room: SB1-
201 Experiment #3 Photolithography Software
Coordinator: Shankar Rananavare Experiment: Allen Room:
TBA Experiment #4 Focused Ion Beam
Coordinator: Erik Sanchez Experiment: D. Nowak Room: SB2-
449 Experiment #5 Soft Lithography: Micromolding and Nanopatterning
Coordinator: Shalini Prasad Experiment: Ravi K. Reddy
Room: SB2-405 Experiment #6 Electron Beam Evaporator
Coordinator: James Morris Experiment: Deepak Vedha Room:
SB2-405 Experiment #7 Soft Lithography: Polymer Nanostructures by Self Assembly
Coordinator: Mingdi Yan Experiment: Kai Wang Room: SB2-
405 Experiment #8 Electrical Characterization of Bio/nanomaterials
Coordinator: Shalini Prasad Experiment: Vijay S. R. Kovvuri Room:
FAB 25-02 Experiment #9 Characterization using Atomic Force Microscopy
Coordinator: James Morris Experiment: Poornima Raju Room:
FAB25-03 Experiment #10 Scanning Electron Microscopy
Coordinator: Chunfei Li Experiment: K. Asante Room: SB1-38 Experiment #11 Transmission Electron Microscopy and Nanometrology
Coordinator: Peter Moeck Experiment: Girish Upreti
Room: SB1-19 Experiment #12 X-Ray Diffraction: Nanoparticle Size by Debye-Scherrer
Method
Coordinator: Shankar Rananavare Experiment: Joo Room: TBA
Experiment #1 Nanoparticulate Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Coordinator: Carl Wamser Experiment: Keith James
Room: SB1-326 Solar cells based on nanoparticle semiconductors have the potential
to replace silicon cells if they can be made to be both inexpensive and
efficient. This experiment will investigate nanoparticle semiconductor
electrodes that have been coated with a light-absorbing dye
(photosensitizer).
Nanocrystalline (anatase) titanium dioxide is commercially available
or is easily made by sol-gel processing. TiO2 is a wide-band-gap
semiconductor, in that it absorbs only in the ultraviolet. It can be
sensitized by adsorbing on its surface a dye that absorbs in the visible,
e.g., a porphyrin functionalized with carboxy groups that bind tightly to
TiO2. Upon light absorption, an electron is injected from the dye into
TiO2, where it can be conducted to the underlying electrode. The circuit
is completed by a redox solution that effectively shuttles electrons back
and forth between the oxidized dye and the counter electrode.
Experimental In this experiment, students will coat a transparent electrode with
TiO2 nanoparticles and fuse them into a high-surface-area semiconductor
electrode. A porphyrin dye will be adsorbed and the extent of coverage
determined by visible spectroscopy. The cell will be assembled with a
redox electrolyte solution and a counter electrode, either coated with a
catalytic amount of platinum or a thin film of polyaniline, a conductive
polymer. The solar cell will be irradiated with light of standard
intensity (to simulate sunlight), allowing for monitoring photocurrent,
photovoltage, and overall energy conversion efficiency. References
"Demonstrating Electron Transfer and Nanotechnology: A Natural Dye-
Sensitized Nanocrystalline Energy Converter", G. P. Smestad and M.
Grätzel, J. Chem. Educ., 1998, 75(6), 752-756.
"Adsorption and Photoactivity of Tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin on
Nanoparticulate TiO2",
S. Cherian and C. C. Wamser, J. Phys. Chem. B, 2000, 104, 3624-3629.
"Basic Research Needs for Solar Energy Conversion", U.S. Department of
Energy, 2005. Note - all of the above references can be found as .pdf files on
Professor Wamser's website:
http://chem.pdx.edu/~wamserc/Research/
Experiment #2 Quantized Conductance in Nanocontacts
Coordinator: Raj Solanki Experiment: Lorie Noice Room:
SB1-201 We describe an laboratory experiment on conductance steps observed to occur
near integer multiples of 2e2/h as nanocontacts form and break between gold
wires in loose contact. A op-amp circuit in conjunction with a storage
oscilloscope suffice are used to observe the steps. The experiment may be
extended by interfacing to a computer, which accumulates a histogram of
conductance values as the wires are brought