Control + 1 ? Block Headings - ddi11

Table of Contents Table of Contents 1
****NASA/DoD CP 5
NASA Normal Means - Exploration/R&D 6
NASA Normal Means - Military Missions 7
DoD Normal Means - Air Force 8
DoD Normal Means - Intelligence/All Military Activities 9
Competition Yes 10
Competition No 11
NASA Stubborn 12
Cooperation Yes 15
Cooperation Yes - Agreements 16
Cooperation Yes - Individual Branches 17
Cooperation Yes - Interagency 18
Cooperation Yes - NASA-DoE 19
Cooperation Yes - AT: Civil v. Military Items 20
Cooperation Plans Now 21
Cooperation No 23
Cooperation No - Budget 24
Cooperation No - Communication 25
Cooperation No - Space Shuttle 26
Cooperation No - Secrecy 27
Cooperation No - Privitization 28
Cooperation Good 29
Cooperation Good - Success/Efficiancy 31
Cooperation Good - Power Projection/Soft Power 32
Cooperation Bad - Military Items Link 34
Cooperation Bad - Dual-Use Technology 35
Cooperation Bad - Consolidation Good 36
Changing Agencies Bad 38
Changing Agencies Bad - Magnifier for Good Agencies 40
NASA Shields - Must Read 41
NASA Shields - Insulated 42
NASA Shields - Most Politics DAs/Horsetrading 43
NASA Shields - Lobby Links 44
NASA Shields - Obama 45
NASA Doesn't Shield - Congress Angry Now 46
DoD Shields - Comparative 47
DoD Shields - Funding 48
DoD Shields - Budget Increases Non-Unique 49
DoD Shields - Congress 50
DoD Bad - Laundry List 51
DoD Bad - Militarization 52
DoD Bad - Collapses Peaceful Space 55
DoD Bad - Spending 56
DoD Bad - Staffing 57
AT: Theory - Agency Choice Significant 58
CMR - Generic 1NC 59
***CMR - Links*** 64
CMR - Militarization Links 65
CMR - SBSP Links 66
CMR - Human Mission Links 67
***CMR - Impacts*** 68
CMR - Smart Power Module 69
CMR - Terrorism Module 71
CMR - Warfare Module 73
***CMR - Aff Answers*** 74
Uniqueness 75
Link Turn 76
No Impact 77
No Spillover 79
****NASA Credibility DA 80
1NC Shell 81
*Uniqueness* 86
Credibility Low 87
Public Support Low 88
Budget Uncertain 89
Funding Low 90
*Links* 91
Generic 92
International Cooperation 93
Defense 94
Shuttle 95
*Impact Scenarios* 96
Mars Colonization 97
X-37's/ATVs 100
Nuclear Weapons 101
*Internal Links* 102
Leverage 103
Funding 106
**Aff Answers** 112
*Nasa Cred* 113
Rising now 114
Resilient 115
*Congress Opposes* 116
Generic 117
Controversial 119
AT: X-37 120
AT: Weaponization 121
Hypersonic Weapons Turn 123
****SPR/NSSS Recommendation 125
NSSS Good 126
NSSS good- future 128
NSSS Clarification needed 131
NSSS modification possible 132
NSSS spillsover 133
***Obama Space Policy 134
US assets vulnerable 135
US Vulnerable- Shuttle 136
Obama goal = security 138
Space policy needs to change 140
Obama Space Policy v. Bush 141
Obama goal = resiliency of tech 143
Obama current strategy fails- China 145
***Aff 146
2AC Frontline 147
NSSS bad- protection 151
NSSS bad- leadership 152
NSSS can't be modified 153
International Law DA's 159
***OST DA*** 160
OST DA 1NC 161
2NC Uniqueness-US Following Now 164
2NC Uniqueness-Other Countries Following Now 166
2NC Uniqueness- OST Working Now 168
Link-Weaponization/Military 169
Link-SPS 172
Link-Mining 174
Link-Space BMD 177
Internal Link-US key 178
Internal Link-OST is Binding 179
Impact-International Law 180
Impact-All Space Treaties 181
Impact-Politico-Legal Crisis 182
Impact-Space Weaponization 184
***Moon Treaty DA*** 185
Moon Treaty DA 1NC 186
2NC Uniqueness 188
2NC AT: Moon Bombing Violated Treaty 189
Link-Property 190
Link-Property 192
Link-Space Station Treaty 193
Impact- International Law 194
Terminal Impact-International Law 197
US key to International Law 198
***SPS Specific Mini Disads*** 201
Registry DA 201
Liability DA 202
***AFF AT: OST DA*** 204
US violating now/OST fails 204
China Already Violated OST 205
OST No Link-SBL's 206
***AFF AT: Moon Treaty DA*** 207
Moon Treaty Fails 207
Large Countries Won't Ratify/Abide 208
US Already Violated Moon Treaty 210
Moon Treaty not key to International Law 212
Moon Treaty Bad-Colonization 213 ****NASA/DoD CP
NASA Normal Means - Exploration/R&D NASA regularly used for aeronautics R&D for application in military
objectives
Mahler 2011 (Julianne Mahler, Department of Public and International
Affairs George Mason University, " Agency Autonomy and Contracting: NASA
and the Aerospace Industry, June 2011
http://www.maxwell.syr.edu/uploadedFiles/conferences/pmrc/Files/Mahler_Agenc
y%20Autonomy%20and%20Contracting%20NASA%20and%20the%20Aerospace%20Industry.p
df) NASA's was created amid much fanfare in 1958 by the National Aeronautics
and Space Act at the height of concern over the space race. The agency was
re-purposed from the National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics, and its
mission changed from generic research and aeronautical advice to industry
to national aerospace research and development. Thus, while it was not
created anew under a new mission, its mission was changed from advice to
development, that is, concerned with the creation of new projects and
programs rather than regulation or government infrastructure maintenance.
It provides a service and products, albeit some that are unrecognized by
the public. The value of crewed space exploration, now on hold, for
national prestige and, earlier, for military objectives has attracted more
public attention and offers a more obvious service to the state than its
researches into astrobiology or exoplanets. Its role in climate research is
also well known, though more controversial. Its mission is also expandable,
that is, not a simply concluded task with an obvious termination, though at
present the definition of that mission is under debate. Thus perhaps the
issue is not so much whether the mission is expandable as whether it is
well defined in the public and political mind. NASA Normal Means - Military Missions
Normal means is NASA developing tech with military applications
Kingwell 1990 (Jeff Kingwell, Head of Science and Applications at the CSIRO
Office of Space Science and Applications (COSSA), "The militarization of
space: A policy out of step with world events?" May 1990) The immediate past head of the Strategic Defense Initiative Organization
(SDIO), General James Abrahamson, was formerly, likc Rear Admiral Truly,
in charge of NASA's Space Shuttle programme. Military interest in the
"Space Transportation System' (STS) - the Shuttle was both a
prerequisite for its funding and a continuing rationale for regular
military involvement in NASA-led programmes. Although in principle NASA
operates the STS, in practice a significant proportion of post-
Challenger STS flights are military in nature, with all-military crews
and a noticeable departure from NASA's former openness about mission
objectives and achievements.
DoD Normal Means - Air Force
Air Force is agency that controls space in the DoD
Col Charles Corley, Commander, Detachment -2, AFOTEC, 5-17-05, ["Air Force
Space Doctrine: Is It Ready for Weapons in Space?," Joint Military
Operations Department Naval War College,
http://dodreports.com/pdf/ada463405.pdf] E. Liu In addition to enhancing our own forces, we could now target the
enemy's land, naval, and air forces as never before. Can we make the
doctrinal leap from space support to offensive space potential without
rewriting every doctrinal publication and changing the current command
structure? We can if we consider the effects we are trying to achieve
without anchoring ourselves to the medium that supports their
achievement. This paper does not argue for or against the weaponization
of space, but makes the case that if we do put offensive weapons
capabilities in space, our current air and space doctrine fully
supports this increased warfighting capability. The Air Force, as the
Department of Defense's lead agency for space operations, has already
made great strides for offensive space operations in doctrine and
command relationships.
DoD Normal Means - Intelligence/All Military Activities
Normal means DoD conducts military and surveillance operations in space
Figliola 2006 (Patricia Moloney Figliola Specialist in Telecommunications
and Internet Policy Resources, Science, and Industry Division of the
Congressional Research Service, "U.S. Military Space Programs: An Overview
of Appropriations and Current Issues," August 7, 2006,
http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/space/RL33601.pdf)
The 1958 National Aeronautics and Space Act specified that military
space activities be conducted by the Department of Defense (DOD). The
Undersecretary of the Air Force is DOD's executive agent for space. The
intelligence community makes significant use of space-based intelligence
collection capabilities. The National Reconnaissance Office (NRO), an
agency within DOD, builds and operates intelligence-collection
satellites and collects and processes the resulting data, which are
provided to users such as the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
(NGA) and the National Security Agency (NSA). NRO, NGA, and NSA are all
under the oversight of the new Director of National Intelligence (DNI).1
DOD and the intelligence community manage a broad array of space
activities, including launch vehicle d