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Training document for the company-wide
automation solution
Totally Integrated Automation (T I A) MODULE B1
Error diagnostics / error handling This document was provided by Siemens A&D SCE (automation and drive
technology, Siemens A&D Cooperates with Education) for training purposes.
Siemens does not make any type of guarantee regarding its contents. The passing on or duplication of this document, including the use and
report of its contents, is only permitted within public and training
facilities. Exceptions require written permission by Siemens A&D SCE (Mr. Knust: E-
Mail: michael.knust@hvr.siemens.de). Offences are subject to possible
payment for damages caused. All rights are reserved for translation and
any case of patenting or GM entry. We thank the company Michael Dziallas Engineering and the instructors of
vocational schools as well as further persons for the support with the
production of the document. PAGE: 1. Forward 4 2. Diagnostics 6
2.1 Hardware diagnostics 6
2.2 Diagnostic messages 10 3. Error types 13
3.1 Synchronous
error.......................................................................
..................................... 13
3.2 Asynchronous error 18
Information
Programming
Notes 1. forward
The Module B1 is assigned content wise to the Additional functions
of STEP 7- Programming.
Learning goal:
In this module, the reader will learn about the procedure of error
diagnostics. The following module contains:
( Diagnostic functions in STEP 7
( Error types and appropriate Organization Blocks
( Types of Organization Blocks
Requirements:
For the successful use of this module, the following knowledge is
assumed:
( Knowledge in the use of Windows 95/98/2000/ME/NT4.0
( Basics of PLC- Programming with STEP 7 (e.g. Module A3 -
'Startup'
PLC programming with STEP 7)
( Debug- and Online- Functions in STEP 7 (e.g. Module A7 - Debug-
and Online- Functions)
Required hardware and software
1. PC, Operating system Windows 95/98/2000/ME/NT4.0 with
- Minimal: 133MHz and 64MB RAM, approx. 65 MB free hard disk space
- Optimal: 500MHz and 128MB RAM, approx. 65 MB free hard disk space
2. Software STEP 7 V 5.x
3. MPI- Interface for the PC (e.g. PC- Adapter)
4. PLC SIMATIC S7-300
Example configuration:
- Power supply: PS 307 2A
- CPU: CPU 314
- Digital inputs: DI 16x DC24V
- Digital outputs: DO 16x DC24V / 0.5 A 2 Diagnostics You can test the following diagnostic functions presented e.g. with
the STEP 7 project 'Startup' from Module A3 - 'Startup' PLC-
Programming with STEP 7. 2.1. The hardware diagnostics With the help of Hardware Diagnostics in SIMATIC Manager, you
quickly obtain an overview of the structure and system state of the
automation system.
1. This call takes place after the blocks from the project were
already loaded into the CPU. In SIMATIC Manager choose the
folder Blocks. (( Blocks)
[pic] 2. Now the application can be called over the menu PLC , Hardware
Diagnostics (( PLC ( Hardware Diagnostics).
[pic]
3. After the call of hardware diagnostics, a Quick View appears.
The quick view shows the CPU and distributed modules. The
picture here shows the module information of the CPU (RUN) and
the error module SM- digital.
Over the command button Module Information, you reach the dialog
Module Information of the module that is highlighted in blue.
It appears for the digital module e.g. as the following. ((
Module Information)
[pic] 4. The index card General shows the operation mode and the status
of the digital module. The order number, rack- and slot number
as well as the address of the module are shown in the middle
area of the window.
In the area Status, the module announces the emerged error. In
this case there exists a Preset/Actual mismatch of the module.
You can find help for an error occurrence under the command
button Help. The operation mode is then closed with the button
Close (( Close).
[pic]
Note: Repair this error through an exchange of the module
in the hardware configuration and
download the new configuration into the CPU.
5. Then likewise should one open the operation mode of the CPU with
the command button Operation Mode (( Operation Mode).
[pic]
6. The operation state of the operation mode is divided into eight
different index cards. At this location, only the index card
Diagnostic Buffer should be regarded. The card shows the running
event number with the date and time of day in the field Events.
In the column Event, one finds a short description to the event.
The change of state of the CPU is announced such as the occurred
error. The third event acclaims Parameter error. The exact error
definition follows in the lower window area through an Event ID
and a description of the error type.
By means of this diagnostic buffer in the CPU, it is possible to
detect and remove the error sources (( Diagnostic Buffer)
[pic] 2.2 Diagnostic messages With the help of the diagnostic messages, there is a possibility to
directly give out error messages by sporadic errors in the
equipment. The messages let themselves be displayed on a program
device or on a Modify-and Monitor device e.g. an operator or touch
panel. As soon as the CPU goes through an error in Stop, a message
window in the PG or OP appears.
In order to display the diagnostic messages, proceed as follows:
1. Change into SIMATIC Manager and choose the folder S7 Program(1).
(( S7-Program(1) )
[pic] 2. Open CPU Messages in the menu PLC (( PLC ( CPU Messages)
[pic]
3. Then all announced CPUs and S7-Programs will be displayed.
Activate the control box W and A. ( ( W ( A )
[pic]
Meaning of the abbreviation W:
. Click on this field, in order to activate the message from
system diagnostics, respectively user diagnostic messages. A
further click deactivates the message.
Meaning of the abbreviation A:
. Click on this field, in order to activate the message from
operation and alarm messages (ALARM_S/SQ). A further click
deactivates the messages. The application 'CPU Messages' checks
if the respected module supports any ALARM_S, respectively the
ALARM_SQ. When this is not the case, a message will be given
out..
Note: After each memory reset, the message display must be again
activated! 4. Choose Customize for the archive (( Options ( Customize).
[pic]
5. Set the 'Size' of the 'Archive' or choose 'Empty Archive' ((
Size ( Empty Archive ( OK).
[pic]
6. All arriving messages are now displayed.
[pic]
3 Error types There are error organization blocks in the SIMATIC S7-300 CPUs that
are called when an error appears. Then this block is not available
in the CPU, so it goes into STOP
This call will also be displayed in the diagnostic buffer of the
CPU:
The error is divided into two error categories:
Synchronous error
A synchronous error is generated from the operating system of the
CPU when an error appears in immediate relation with the program
processing. Synchronous errors are divided into programming errors
and access errors. If a synchronous error appears, the operating
system calls the appropriate error organization block.
Asynchronous error
Asynchronous errors are errors that can appear independent from
program processing. If a asynchronous error appears, the operating
system calls an error organization block. 3.1 Synchronous errors Synchronous errors are directly determined by the processing of a
command. For example, if a function call FC10 is programmed and
this block is not available, then a synchronous error appears and
the automation system goes into the stop mode and the red SF LED
(system error) lights.
An error OB is an organization block that decides the behavior of
the CPU in an error instance. By a programming error, the
organization block OB121 is called and by an access error, the
organization block OB122 is called. If no organization block is
available in the CPU, the stop mode is reached in the error
instance.
3.1.1 example for a programming error [pic]
In the function 5, the memory bit word 20, is saved in the Data
Block 10, starting from word 0. The Data Block 10 is not
available in the CPU. Sinc