An Ethic Discussion on Expedient Responses to September 11 ...

VOJENSKÉ ROZHLEDY 1/2000, Czech Military Review [VR No 1/2000]
English Annotation The Alliance Dimension of Conceptual Frame of Security And Defence Policy
of the Czech Republic (Conclusions from the Comparison of the Security
Strategy of the CR, Military Strategy of the CR, and the Strategy Concept
of the Alliance) by PhDr. Marie Michálková and Ing. Ji?í ?t?panovský. The
purpose of this article is to compare NATO strategy concept to fundamentals
of Czech key security and military documents. Because of authors' position,
the article is more concentrated on sections dealing with forces problems.
They draw conclusion that security and defence policy of the ACR is shaped
in harmony with basic presuppositions of Alliance strategy. None of the
basic Czech documents needs immediate novelisation. The principal strategy
tenets-alliance solidarity and strategical unity-are officially declared in
both documents. It is above all undivided security and at the same time the
will to defend our country. The Czech Republic also identifies itself with
the characterization of NATO's nuclear weapons. [VR No 1/2000] National Science Policy and Defence Research by Col. Ing. Karel Eminger,
Ing. Ladislav Klíma, CSc., and Ing. Josef Jano?ec, CSc. The support of
basic and sectional research is fundamental for continual progress. Upon
the Governmental Resolution 811 of 9/XII/1998, we are preparing the
document "National Policy of Research and Development of the Czech
Republic", in which even military experts are actively involved. That fact
is very important, as the key military documents-National Defence Strategy,
Security Strategy and Military Strategy of the Czech Republic did not
mention research and development in the field of defence and security. The
old document "MoD Concept of Defence Research" was not renegotiated and
after our joining to NATO alliance it lost its topicality. The central
frame of new defence philosophy ought to open the space for complex system
of defence research, educational activities, ACR development, the
organization of investigations that are not carry out anywhere, making use
of Army institutions, co-operating with civil organizations under national
research scheme. The results reached must be evaluated in time, so that
they could be taken into consideration in proposals for national research
budget for the year 2001. [VR No 1/2000] The Strategy of Defence Research and Technologies in NATO by Ing. Josef
Jano?ec, CSc. Not only in our country there is a great difference between
announced plans and their implementation, therefore this essay considers
social and philosophical context of common research orientation in NATO
alliance. At the same time it explains key ideas of NATO science strategy,
because such ideas ought to be known among Czech scientific, political,
industrial, economy, etc. communities that usually come into contact with
them. Three strategical elements which form the main interdependent trends
of common NATO research and development are as follows: (i) first-rate
research, (ii) flexibility and innovation, (iii) development of common
research strategy in the field of modern technologies. Although it sounds
quite simple, or those measures may be seen as obvious, to carry them out
is not so easy. It needs discipline, dedication, hard work and perpetual
concentration. Instead of conclusion the author underlines sociological and
philosophical impacts on science in actual international surroundings. The
readers are advised to keep all the time this influence in mind. [VR No
1/2000] ACR Mobilization Deployment and Its Reflections in the Defence Planning of
the CR by Lt.Col. Ing. Pavel ?ulák. This part of military art used to be
neglected after the end of Cold War. But after forty-two days of Alliance
bombing in the former Yugoslavia, the author hopes, most of military
experts changed their minds. He doesn't want to intermeddle into strategy
defence planning. He only underlines the need to prepare our armed forces,
even in peace, for mobilization structure, the passage of state
authorities, communities and juristic personalities, to martial state.
Therefore, according to the author, the mobilization ought to belong as
their indispensable part to the system of state defence. In spite of the
fact that the term "mobilization" is of interagency character (military
mobilization, defence mobilization, economy mobilization, etc.), it should
be organized by one of the sections of the General Staff. [VR No 1/2000] Allied Operational Doctrine by Col. Doc. Ing. Petr N?mec, CSc. In 1998 we
received from NATO alliance several key documents. The best known are:
"Land Force Tactical Doctrine", "Allied Joint Operations Doctrine", etc.
The summary is called Allied Joint Publication-AJP. We immediately started
to implement them. The whole process was divided into three phases. The
first one ended in 1999, next in 2001, and final part in 2003. They cover
wide range of fields: administrative, personnel, intelligence, logistics,
operational planning, communicational and informational systems, common
manoeuvres, financial sources, civil-military relations. So, we created
Working Group for Allied Operational Doctrine in order to deal with those
statutes. All materials are unclassified, the ACR only register them. [VR
No 1/2000]
MILITARY ART
Present Look at Military Intelligence Terminology by Lt.Col. GSO Ing. Milan
Hanousek. For Czech people there is sometimes very difficult to understand
the term "intelligence", as we were used to the term "information".
Intelligence is broader notion. It covers three levels: informational one,
intelligence activity, and organizational one. The author explains the
basic military intelligence terminology. Among those are: Intelligence
Preparation of the Battlefield, Intelligence Estimate, Intelligence Cycle.
He compares our terminology to French, Dutch, German, British and American
terms. He also proposes certain terminology changes to keep Czech terms
compatible with the terminology of NATO Alliance. In his essay he makes use
of several doctrinal documents, e.g. Land Force Tactical Doctrine,
Intelligence Doctrine, NATO Glossary of Terms and Definitions and so on.
[VR No 1/2000] Building Shelters "In Advance" during the Preparation of Defensive
Operation by Lt.Col. Ing. Vojt?ch N?me?ek, Ph.D., and Lt.Col. Ing. Jan
Gireth, Ph.D. The basic mission of the Czech Army is to prepare the defence
of the Czech Republic. Its present organizational structures and given
norms of activating and mobilisation preparedness need several changes, new
approaches to engineering preparation of defence area. To perform this
task, there is necessary for us to set needed time for units and materiel.
The building of protective shelters ranks among those problems, as we build
shelters well in advance, we risk they are going to be detected by opposing
forces, and the most important object could be destroyed by enemy's fire.
Therefore, the question is to define optimal schedule, under which corps of
engineers could build protective objects. The authors demonstrate those
activities on several accompanying tablets, telling levels of activities
and damage rates in per cents. [VR No 1/2000] Information Model in Logistics System by Lt.Col. Ing. Petr ?indelá?.
Generally, similar models are used for both civilian and military purposes.
In our army it is used during analytical and synthetical activities by
senior staffs, commanders, leaders, specialists in logistics and its
personnel, they all make use of such mathematical methods. They are
suitable means to work out practical informational systems, and also for
their explaining. This article is based on mathematical model of
information in logistics systems, namely between mechanized battalion and
Logistic Command, whose chart accompanies this essay, the source of which
lies in the dissertation by the same author. Formal tools of transformation
enable to demonstrate administrative items, in written, verbal or data
forms, the successive and unlimited systems solving, analysing and variant
planning of actual state of mechanized battalion, its logistic and
organizational needs. [VR No 1/2000] An Alternative Viewpoint on Land Forces Doctrine. This article was
presented by Special Warfare magazine in order to stimulate thought and
discussion. Although Joint Vision 2010 and Army Vision 2010 recognized the
likelihood of asymmetrical threats to the U.S. interests at home and
abroad, the military establishment continues to focus on preparations for
the symmetrical threat: a high-tech war with a peer competitor. Moreover,
the information revolution's consequences are not at all clear. The author,
Maj. Christopher Tone, as a practitioner of special operations, puts his
alternative views on army special operations forces vision. He believes
that above mentioned conventional visions of the future are wrong, and that
it is the responsibility of special-operations community to present their
concerns before they are committed to support doctrine that they know to be
flawed. [VR No 1/2000]
OPINIONS AND CONTROVERSY
Authority, position and role of the President of the Czech Republic and
Problems of Military Science by PhDr. Karel Jícha. Last year we were
witnesses to the discussion about the changes in the Constitution of the
Czech Republic. Most problems are connected with con